Pondering a bit on the safety of people nearby this device; Perhaps a (circular) microphone array together with camera could function as a form of safety? If the camera detects any large movement in its field of view it disables the diode, if it doesn't AND the array detects mosquito wings (quite distinct, with some variation between male/female and also species) then it can arm the laser?

If such an array doesn't give you enough accuracy perhaps replacing it with a LIDAR module? That would necessitate the running of further processing (essentially using the point map to discriminate objects of human size and generating an angular "no-fire" zone in order to always keep such objects inside those angles?

I've been following this with great interest, since this device if it's made sufficiently accurate, safe and effective could potentially see use in many different applications.

To throw an idea here. You could use trajectory interpolation to anticipate the position of the insect. If the mosquitos have the same behavior as flies, by actively chasing them with a fly swapper, I found that they fly in patterns (repeating every 2-10 seconds). And once I determined it, I am ready to smash them by expecting approximatively where they should be :D Well, using math and applying it to small distances, with a fast enough camera like you seem to use, maybe you could increase the preciseness of your device by moving your laser a few cm ahead of the trajectory, and ZZIITTT, you got it. By interpolating, you are also getting the chance to blindly burn them. Because the galvo and processing power of those algorithms should be much faster than the FPS of the camera, you could acquire the target between FPS...

On a side note. There are some devices to eliminate parasites from salmons in big farms. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cql2jtjpDzE&ab_channel=EuropeanPatentOffice

thank you so much! it will be good research! 

Per your github, I dont think you will be able to track mosquitos or flies with a thermal camera.  Just tested with a 640x480 flir Boson on flies.  Because they are at ambient temperature, they are invisible until their flight path takes them between the camera and a background that is either substantially warmer than ambient (the ceiling in my garage), or substantially colder than ambient (the sky).  Interestingly, honeybees do show up very well in thermal and look like small glowing embers.

I will consider different options, it is also possible to use lighting to highlight them

The laser can be made extremely safe, even at high power outputs, if youre willing to aim it with something like a stewart platform instead of galvos.  If you fire the laser into the eyepiece of a small telescope or similar optical setup, the beam will leave the telescope with the same width as the objective lens.  The beam profile will be converging/diverging with only the focal area containing enough photonic flux to be dangerous.  Obviously, a 60mm diameter beam would require larger aiming mirrors and would be slower than galvos, but mosquitos are very slow flyers; a mirror mounted on a stewart platform or a pair of mirrors actuated by servos should still be fine.

sounds great, thank you so much for your comments, I need time for consider your idea 

We can try light up the room to reflect the mosquito - and then use the library functions - OpenCV in range or haar cascades to detect the object. With a bright background, they will be detected without problems. This is for low-power single-board computers - Raspberry, Orange, Banana, etc. For jetson nano, we can use yolov4-tiny which, using the tkDNN library, is able to give 30-35 FPS

Research laser effect

Use a lower the laser power as much as possible. The laser should burn the wings of mosquitos but should be safe for the eyes. That is to do research on the topic of laser power, laser wavelength, and their efficiency for mosquitos. This is for safety, the lower the power, the better.

Remote control

Laser control on a stationary computer. The IP camera installed next to the laser only transmits video to the computer, and the computer already analyzes it on a powerful processor video card and transmits back coordinates for the laser via Wi-Fi. In this case, we can use very powerful computing processors.

PCB boards

Make the device completely on our electronic boards. It is a galvanometer for a laser show and changes positions 20,000 times per second, which is why there are such powerful and big drivers for motors. It is useful to make a small PCB board to change the position of the laser only 200 times per second. In finally, so to speak, the pocket version.